&object0=js|800|600|80|80|0|0|100|0|3|0|0|background_style1.jpg|1|0|0|0& &autoPlayOn=0& &navobjectsVisible=1& &numberOfSlides=8& &numberOfObjects1=3& &object1_1=t|265|100|100|100|60|5|100|1|2|left|1|8|1|0|0|18|0|0|0|1|MUSIC – The Elements& &object1_2=t|234|100|100|100|364|137|100|0|0|left|0|2|1|0|0|26|0|0|5|1|Melody Tempo cx26 Meter Texture Dynamics& &object1_3=js|810|768|48.2|48.2|15|48|100|0|3|3|0|Mozart-mola.jpg|2|0|0|0& &numberOfObjects2=6& &object2_1=js|400|400|46|46|-10|-3|75|0|19|1|0|music-notes.jpg|2|0|0|0& &object2_2=t|408|100|100|100|60|5|100|1|2|left|1|8|1|0|0|18|0|0|0|1|The Element of IN Music& &object2_3=t|117|100|100|100|228|3|100|0|0|center|1|1|4|0|0|20|0|0|1|3|MELODY& &object2_4=t|440|100|100|100|178|52|100|1|1|left|0|19|4|0|-2|20|0|0|0|1|A MELODY is also called a tune, voice, or line, and is a linear succession of tones which is perceived as a single entity. Melodies are described by their melodic motion, the intervals between pitches (conjunct or disjunct), the pitch range, or with regard to tension and release, continuity and coherence, cadence, and/or shape. In general, good melodies build to a climax at some point, then resolve. However, if the melody is written for a song its shape may be unique, and sometimes composers intentionally control a melody for some other type of expressive purpose.& &object2_5=t|281|100|100|100|62|346|100|0|0|right|0|1|4|0|0|14|0|0|1|0|If you want to practice creating melodies with an interesting, FREE, SAFE, online tool – and one that does NOT require you to read or write musical notation…& &object2_6=b|0|0|100|100|375|370|3|16|1|2|1|0|24|CLICK HERE|-9|1|1|1|http://www.lullatone.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/raindrop.swf& &numberOfObjects3=6& &object3_1=js|268|400|42.1|42.1|508|273|100|0|1|1|1|metronome.jpg|1|0|0|0& &object3_2=t|181|100|100|100|248|365|80|0|0|center|0|2|4|0|0|12|0|0|1|0|- click to open a web page -& &object3_3=b|0|0|100|100|180|344|3|16|1|4|1|0|22|"SEE" Tempo and Meter|-9|1|0|4|premiers_starsandstripes.html& &object3_4=t|471|100|100|100|60|56|100|1|3|left|0|4|4|0|-2|20|0|0|0|1|Tempo is the rate or speed of the beat; fast or slow, and all the variations in between. Meter is the pulse of the groupings of beat. The basic meters of music are duple and triple, where the pulse is divisible by 2(duple), or where the pulse is divisible by 3 (triple). Take a listen! In the examples you can access below, the METER is constant – it is a march, and it is in a duple meter. However, the TEMPO is different , as well as the instrument(s) playing.& &object3_5=t|462|100|100|100|60|5|100|1|2|left|1|8|1|0|0|18|0|0|0|1|The Elements of IN Music& &object3_6=t|173|100|100|100|232|3|100|0|0|center|1|1|4|0|0|20|0|0|1|3|Tempo cx26 Meter& &numberOfObjects4=6& &object4_1=js|1024|681|36.1|36.1|-49|196|100|0|6|1|0|painting_texture_thicktothingreen.jpg|2|0|0|0& &object4_2=t|319|100|100|100|303|223|100|1|6|left|0|2|4|0|0|12|0|0|1|1|NOTE – As you look through the following slides and examples, remember that it is not always easy to detect the texture of a piece of music. Whereas monophonic is fairly transparent, polyphony and homophony often sound similar and may need further investigation to differentiate. It is easy to generalize that all popular styles are homophonic, but polyphony occurs occasionally as a result of the interaction of various parts. On the other hand, orchestral music-such as a symphony-may sound polyphonic, but very often there is a dominant melody; it's just obscured by the busyness of the accompanying parts. Also, orchestral music sometimes contains moments of monophonic texture to emphasize a particular melody. Careful listening and practice will aid in the discernment of musical texture. & &object4_3=t|560|100|100|100|60|184|100|1|2|center|1|11|1|0|0|16|0|0|1|1|Monophonic - Polyphonic - Homophonic - Heterophonic & &object4_4=t|560|100|100|100|60|47|100|1|6|center|0|2|4|0|-2|18|0|0|0|1|One definition of musical texture refers to a "structure of interwoven fibers." In music, texture refers to the way multiple voices (or instruments) interact in a composition. One may also think of texture as a description of musical hierarchy: which voice is most prominent? Are all the voices equal? There are multiple ways of describing texture in music, but we can focus on four basic types:& &object4_5=t|503|100|100|100|60|5|100|1|2|left|1|8|1|0|0|18|0|0|0|1|The Element of IN Music - Page 1& &object4_6=t|105|100|100|100|217|3|100|0|0|center|1|1|4|0|0|20|0|0|1|3|Texture& &numberOfObjects5=12& &object5_1=r|251|80|100|100|365|317|100|0|2|1|1& &object5_2=r|251|80|100|100|74|318|100|0|2|1|1& &object5_3=js|185|56|107|107|126|331|100|0|0|1|0|monophony.jpg|1|0|0|0& &object5_4=js|182|79|91.2|91.2|444|320|100|0|0|1|0|polyphony.jpg|1|0|0|0& &object5_5=t|273|100|100|100|351|65|100|1|6|left|0|2|4|0|-2|15|0|0|0|1|Literally "many sounds," (noun: polyphony) describes a musical texture where 2 or more melodic lines of relatively equal importance are performed simultaneously. If sung, polyphony requires a group of musicians, but it can be played on some instruments by only a single one musician (piano, organ, guitar). Examples of polyphonic texture = A round or canon (Three Blind Mice) Renaissance and Baroque "art" music Music for large instrumental ensembles Religious choral music Polyphony sounds and looks like this: & &object5_6=t|273|100|100|100|62|65|100|1|6|left|0|2|4|0|-2|15|0|0|0|1|Literally meaning "one sound," monophonic texture (noun: monophony) describes music consisting of a single melodic line. Whether it is sung/played by one person or many, as long as the same notes and rhythms are being performed, monophonic texture results. Example of monophonic texture = Unison singing at a religious service "Happy Birthday" at a birthday party A lone bugle playing "Taps" "The Star-Spangled Banner" at a game A composition for solo flute Monophony sounds and looks like this: & &object5_7=t|154|100|100|100|415|45|100|1|2|center|1|11|1|0|0|16|0|0|1|1|Polyphonic& &object5_8=t|155|100|100|100|119|45|100|1|2|center|1|11|1|0|0|16|0|0|1|1|Monophonic& &object5_9=t|503|100|100|100|60|5|100|1|2|left|1|8|1|0|0|18|0|0|0|1|The Element of IN Music - Page 2& &object5_10=t|105|100|100|100|217|3|100|0|0|center|1|1|4|0|0|20|0|0|1|3|Texture& &object5_11=js|36|34|100|100|91|340|100|0|0|0|1|huma1315_mono_example.swf|1|0|0|0& &object5_12=js|36|34|100|100|396|340|100|0|0|0|1|huma1315_poly_example.swf|1|0|0|0& &numberOfObjects6=12& &object6_1=r|251|80|100|100|365|317|100|0|2|1|1& &object6_2=r|251|80|100|100|74|318|100|0|2|1|1& &object6_3=t|273|100|100|100|351|65|100|1|6|left|0|2|4|0|-2|15|0|0|0|1|Heterophonic texture is rarely encountered in “western” music. It consists of a single melody, performed by two or more musicians, with slight or not-so-slight variations between those performers. These variations usually result from ornamentation being added spontaneously (improvised at the time of performance) by the musicians. Heterophony is mostly found in the music of non-”western” cultures such as Native American, Middle Eastern, Asian, and South African. Heterophony sounds and looks like this& &object6_4=t|273|100|100|100|62|65|100|1|6|left|0|2|4|0|-2|15|0|0|0|1|Homophonic (or homophony) is the texture we encounter most often. It consists of a single, dominating melody that is accompanied by chords. Sometimes the chords move at the same rhythm as the melody; other times the chords are made up of voices that move in counterpoint to each other. The important aspect is that the chords are subservient to the melody. Example of homophonic texture = Hymn singing during a religious service Most pop music styles (rock, country) Songs from the Middle Ages to now Homophony sounds and looks like this: & &object6_5=t|154|100|100|100|413|45|100|1|2|center|1|11|1|0|0|16|0|0|1|1|Heterophonic& &object6_6=t|155|100|100|100|119|45|100|1|2|center|1|11|1|0|0|16|0|0|1|1|Homophonic& &object6_7=t|503|100|100|100|60|5|100|1|2|left|1|8|1|0|0|18|0|0|0|1|The Element of IN Music - Page 3& &object6_8=t|105|100|100|100|217|3|100|0|0|center|1|1|4|0|0|20|0|0|1|3|Texture& &object6_9=js|36|34|100|100|400|335|100|0|0|0|1|huma1315_hetero_example.swf|1|0|0|0& &object6_10=js|36|34|100|100|102|335|100|0|0|0|1|huma1315_homo_example.swf|1|0|0|0& &object6_11=js|159|71|86.9|86.9|461|326|100|0|0|1|0|heterophony.jpg|1|0|0|0& &object6_12=js|172|67|90.9|90.9|159|325|100|0|0|1|0|homophony.jpg|1|0|0|0& &numberOfObjects7=10& &object7_1=t|200|100|100|100|202|362|75|0|0|left|0|2|4|0|0|12|0|0|1|0|- follow the link above to open the file -& &object7_2=r|365|34|100|100|122|325|100|0|1|0|1& &object7_3=b|0|0|100|100|132|334|3|16|1|19|1|0|22|"WATCH" musical Dynamics|-8|1|2|4|premiers_beet_eroica.html& &object7_4=js|313|517|34.5|34.5|498|286|70|0|19|1|0|ear.jpg|5|0|0|0& &object7_5=t|538|100|100|100|62|65|100|1|1|left|0|19|4|0|2|20|0|0|0|1|Sounds, including music, can be barely audible, loud enough to hurt your ears, or anywhere in between. When they want to talk about the loudness of a sound, scientists and engineers talk about ________. Musicians talk about ________. In the sciences, the amplitude of a sound is a particular number, usually measured in decibels, but in music _________________; an orchestra playing fortissimo sounds much louder than a single violin playing fortissimo. In any case, composers use dynamic contrasts to create Contrast and a sense of Movement or energy.& &object7_6=t|96|100|100|100|62|138|100|0|0|left|0|4|4|0|0|20|0|0|0|0|amplitude& &object7_7=t|96|100|100|100|325|137|100|0|0|left|0|4|4|0|0|20|0|0|0|0|dynamics& &object7_8=t|179|100|100|100|241|187|100|0|0|left|0|4|4|0|0|20|0|0|0|0|dynamics are relative& &object7_9=t|359|100|100|100|60|5|100|1|2|left|1|8|1|0|0|18|0|0|0|1|The Element of IN Music& &object7_10=t|105|100|100|100|219|3|100|0|0|center|1|1|4|0|0|20|0|0|1|3|Dynamics& &numberOfObjects8=9& &object8_1=t|185|100|100|100|457|401|100|0|0|left|1|4|4|0|0|12|0|0|1|0|NOTE – you do NOT have to notate your music; a recording or live performance is sufficient.& &object8_2=js|810|768|36.2|36.2|-21|-54|20|0|1|4|1|Mozart-mola.jpg|2|0|0|0& &object8_3=t|534|100|100|100|60|112|100|0|3|left|0|2|4|0|2|18|0|0|0|1|STUDY and research the elements of Music that have been presented here, then look for others in your own research. DECIDE how to focus on the Principles by using the elements. PLAN your work– schedule extra time. When you have composed your music, WORK on your presentation. Tell the story of your process (word process it for submission). PREPARE TO SHARE your work. Will you perform it live, yourself? Will you ask friends to visit class and perform with you? Will you record it and play in back for the class using the equipment in the room?& &object8_4=t|590|100|100|100|39|6|100|1|2|left|1|8|1|0|0|16|0|0|0|1|MAKING A PIECE OF MUSIC FOR YOUR PREMIER IN THE ARTS!& &object8_5=js|298|423|5|5|45|113|100|0|3|1|0|music_note.jpg|1|0|0|0& &object8_6=js|298|423|5|5|45|177|100|0|3|1|0|music_note.jpg|1|0|0|0& &object8_7=js|298|423|5|5|45|222|100|0|3|1|0|music_note.jpg|1|0|0|0& &object8_8=js|298|423|5|5|45|267|100|0|3|1|0|music_note.jpg|1|0|0|0& &object8_9=js|298|423|5|5|45|331|100|0|3|1|0|music_note.jpg|1|0|0|0&